Roofing plate or shingle



July 3, 1928. 1,676,043

N. G. oLssoN ROOFING PLATE OR SHINGLE Filed April 26, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet l July 3,1928.

N. G. OLSSON ROOFING PLATE OR SHINGLE Filed April 26, 192e 2 sheets-sheet 2 vse raama'auiy a, 192s.

isms e. eLssoN, or nunon; iLLmcrs.-,

accrmc raars. on stimata.

appucuaa'mea April 2e, 192e. serial No. 104,508.

The present invention relates to roofing plates or shinglesof vthat type usually constructed of metal, cement or other material, applied to the roof individually and havin 5 flanges, interlocking beads and-the like preformed therein for joining the adjacent shingles together.

Heretofore,.in the majority of cases, the -prior shingles of .this general type have l been so constructed that they could only be laid from the eaves or valleyof the roof upwardly. That is to say, .with the maority of thesenprior shingles it isnecessary to start laying the shin les at the eave'orA l lower portion of the roo and to then wo'rk progressively upwards by successive .rows to'the ridge "of the roof.-

of shingles u Laying the shlngles in this manner has been subject to a decided objection which has `2|)fimpaired .the popularity of this type of shin le. This objection is the necesslt-y of buil 'ng scaifolding' or frame-work to sup-l port the workman *for the laying of the shingles in this manner. These shingles are` ordinarily quite fragile and will not su ort the weight of the workman without lia ility of injury to the j shingles.' Consequently when the shingles are laid from the eaves or valley of 't tion yit is necessary to erect l.suc scaffolding or frame-work'to support the workman, which is a` source of considerable expense and diiiiculty..

to provide a roofing s ingle of the general character described above, embodying improvement whereby the shingle can `be laid von. the roof from the ridgedown.

It is a further object of the invention to provide such a shingle in which there will the prior shingles which have been devised in attempting to secure this same general object.

of this general type having an improved arrangemento interlocking beads for joining'A the lateral edgesof the adjacentshingles in description ofa preferred embodimept e rooflin anu ward: direc-l- It is the general ob'ect of the invention.

be a considerable saving of material over It is a further'objectv to providefashingle proved overlapping relation between the up-v thereof, taken in connection with the accomi I' panying drawings wherein:

f Fig. A1 is afragmentary side elevational g view of a typical roof, showlng my'imlproved shingles in-.the process of being laid. t ereon. Fig. 2 is a top plan view of one ofthe shingles, this figure illustrating the metallictype offshingle. -Fi 3. is a transverse sectional view taken `on t e plane of the line 3 3 of Fig. 2. f l. tFig. 4` is a side or edge viewv of this shingle shown in'Fi'gure 2, a shin le of the next low` er row being also shown 1n this figure to il'- lustrate the overlapping. relation. I. Fig. 5.i s .afdetail sectional view through Y. the lefthand interlocking .bead of the metallictype .of shingle. 'l f Fig. 6 is asimilar view through. the right hand beadandattaching ange of this same lt e offshingle. Y"

of the metallic type 'of shingle.

* Fig. 8 is a top vperspective view of my improved shingle constructed of cla tile, cement or other equivalentmaterial.

Fig; 9 is ja Aperspective view illustrating the -underside of this same shingle.

.v Fig. 10 isa similar view illustrati under sideof a modified form of shingle. Fig. 11 is a' transverse sectional vlew through one of these non-metallic shingles 'of the form-shown in Fig. 9,.and

ig. 7 is .a 'fragmentaryperspective view the Fig. 12 is. aside or, edge view of one-'of these latter shingles, a portionthereof be' ing broke away to illustrate the overlapping relation between upper and lower rows of shingles.`` Y

Devices'of this type are variouslydesigf nated as shingles, plate, roofing members substantially etc. but for clarity of description I .shall 'u I `sions thereof can be varie -as desired. .An linterlocking bead 1 6l is vformed .alongone f vertical edge of the'. plate, this preferably l being the left edge o f..'the"plate.` A companion interlocking bead 17 is formed;

adjacent'fthe opposite vertical edge, this lat-.

ter bead "being setback from the edge of the late, however, leaving an outer attach- 'ing ange 18 extending fromA this edge.

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This attaching Harige is provided vi'rv'itli a I plurality oi nail holeslior receiving the fastening nails. rlheL upper edge' oif'this attaching dange 18 extends up to the upperV edge-of the plate, but the lower edge thereof .terminates short of the lower edge oi' the lataiormin a stop vedge or abutment surace .21, whic predetermines the. degree of' overlap between upper and rlower rows of shingles, as I shall presently describe.

Formed substantially in the center of the plate is a'vertically' extending raised vrib 22 which starts at the lower edge of the plate with a semicircular contour (F ig. 3) and then gradually mergesinto the plane of the shingle, at approximately the point 23; The lower portion of this rib is just of sucient diameter snugly to engage over the interlocked joining beads of the two lowplate is asealing rib or bead 25, which is set down from the upper edge of the plate a distance corresponding to the spacing of the stop edge v21 fromthe. lower edge 'of Athe shingle. This sealing bead is adapted to' engage the lower edges of the shingles in l the next higher row when nailedto the roof,

. tween rthe overlapping edges of the shingles.

so that aweather tight joint is secured bef The foregoing characteristic features of the shingle are common'toboth the metallic construction and the non-metallic construc-v tion i. ie., one constructed of cement, tile, asbestos, clay, composition material etc. When `the shingle is constructed of metal the interlocking beads can be given' particular `formations not possible when constructing the shingle 'of other-materials, and when constructing the shingle of metal it is desirable to provide. means for spacing or so relating the overlapping portions of the .shingles so as to rprevent sweating between v.these overla 7 lustrated in 1ping portions. The shingle ilig'ures 2 to finclusive is representative vof thev metallic type of shingle constructed, in Vaccordance with my invention, and I shall now describe these. additional features embodied in this metallic constructiom* l To 'avoid the likelihood of sweating of the metal between the overla ping'portions of the shingles-which islike y to result inv objectionable;corrosion, ll form one or more the 'considerable'area of metal, no

Lorente spacingbeads 2 6 :across the upper portion Aof-th'efshingle-alcove the .sealing bead ,25,

this. bein'gvtheportion which lies under the loweredge or edges oi the shingles in the ne xt higher row. These spacing beads servey to space the overlapping' portionsjot the shingles across the greater portions jot their overlappingareas, permitting air `to penetrate between these loverla. pingiportions ,and avoiding the objectiona le sweating're'- ferred to above. The sealing beadf25 and the spacing-bead or beads 26 extendv 'ost entirely across the width of the shingle, being formed .in the two large corrugations 24--24, and also in the upper side of' the llei't hand .interlocking bead V16. These transverse beadsl are not, however, formed in the right hand interlocking-bead 17, nor

in the attaching flange 18,111.05* arev they formed in the inwardly curved portion of the left handinterlocking bead 16. In the metallicl construction of shingle, reference being made to Figures 5 'and 6, the 'lateral wardly or -upon themselves to form co-op= erating flanges which hook or slide together into interlocking engagement between laterally adjacent shingles. As shown in Fig. 5, the left hand bead L6 is formed with an inwardl and upwardly turned Aflan c 27, and as shown in Fig. 6, the right han bead 17 `is also formed with an inwardly turned interlocking beads 16 and 17 are rolled'inaange 2a- 'rhe bead is, together with as flange 27, is so constructed that it is adapted.

to engage over and nest within-the head1? and .flange 28, the parts being ypreferably constructed so that in joining jacent shingles,- it is necessary to match the upper edge of the bead 16 with the lower 4edge of the bead 17 and to then slide thesebeads into interlocking enga-gement. This provides a joint which is :fully weather proof and which securely inter-locks the shingles against stresses tending to separate them; either laterally or upwardly. ln forming the attaching flange 18 an extending lip or dan e of metal is left along this portion of being folded back over the flange 28 and thence downwardly and laterally to form' the attaching flange y18. It will be evident that by this construction only a compara` lank, this extending portion of metal tively small area of metal is necessary for `thefforination of this attaching flange. In other types oishingles of' this same general type, with which I am familiar, the formation of this attaching flange has requireda.

part ofv which serves as a roof covering.

.It being one of the prlncipal objects of 'the invention that these shingles can be laid fronithe ridge down, each shlngle must necessarily be soconstructed, or means must be so provided that the lower edge of each shingle will loe held slightly raised from the surface ofthe roof with the shingle secured thereto, in order that the next lower shingle or shingles can be inserted under the bottom edge of the higher shingle to secure the necessary overlapping relation. In themetallic construction ofshin le, 1 preferably accomplish this by dropping the attaching flange 18 below the general `plane 0f' the shingle at the lower edge thereof. .That is to say, the under side '31 of the attaching vflange 18 does not lie Ain parallelism with the under -side of the main ,body of the shingle, but gradually recedes or dropsbelow the general plane of `the shingle, starting from the upperjedge of the shinglel and extending down with a gradual taper toward the lower edge; This construction 1s .'per# li'aps best illustrated in Fig. 7, .wherein it will be observed that an appreciable space designated s'exists between the'under side 31 ofthe attaching flange 18 and the 'under side of the bead 17 or main body portion of the shingle. This space -a results in a narrow web 32 of 'metal extendingA between the Y laterally extending flange portion 18 and the underside of the interlocking bead 17. This web 32 tapers down to an inap-A preciable depth or terminates adjacent the upper edge ofthe shingle sothat the under.

surface 31 of the attaching flange 18'-will lie in substantially the same plane -as the main body portion of the-,shingle atthe upo per edge thereof. The result of this construction will be, that as each shingle is'- nailed to the roof, the attaching flange 18 will function as the inain supporting surface for the shingle, holding the lower edge of the shingle in slightlyraised position ready to receive the upper edge of the next lower shingle or shingles. The. space 's' is proportioned so thathiit will just receive with a' snug engagementl theiipperedge of the next lower shingle, permitting the spacing beads 26 to pass under'this raised edge, but holding the sealing bead 25 in abutting relation against the upper edge of theupper shingle.

In laying the shingles on a roo-, the shingles are laid in successivehorizontal'rows,

starting at the ridge and working downengagement of the sealing bead 25 with the wardly`. Each horizontal vrow is preferably completed before starting the next lower row, although this is notessential as lower rows may be partially extended across the' After the first shin-- roof as shown in Fig. 1. gle has been nailed to the roof in the upper row the interlocking bead 16 -of the next adjacent shingle is matched with the interlocking bead 17 of the secured shingle and is slid up into interlocking engagement with this secured shingle. It will be noted that this latter shin le will now cover the attaching flange 18 ot the first shingle.A The interlocking bead 16 is. so proportioned that it can be readily slid into interlocking engagement'in this manner without interference by striking the edge of the metal. which is oldi ed back over the bead 17 in I forming thev attaching fiange, 18. After this upper row of shingles has been laid in this manner, or a portion of-`this row has been thus laid,

'the next lower row is started with these pressure contact with the lower edges of the upper shingles, as shown in Fig,4. The large corrugations 24-24 may be formed with a slight taper so that their upper ends are slightly narrower than their lower ends, to facilitate thrusting the lowershingle up under the. overlapping edge ofthe lupper shingle, although this tapered constructionl is not essential because the ductility or spring of the nietal will permit the lower corrugations to be started `under the upper 4corruthe adjacent shingles of this lower row, the

resulting joint formed bv the two engaging interlocking beads, will take into the lower end of the central rib 22 of the upper shin-I gle. -Theresult will be that 'the joints in 'gations'l without any diiculty. In joiningl I.

successive horizontal rows will be broken orl f offset relative to each other, which is a de# sirable characteristic.v 1t will also be noted that it is impossible to lay these shingles in'a wrong re ation. For example, if the workman should endeavor to lay each lower 'shingle in exact alinement with the next upper shingle he would find it impossible to force the lower shin le-up under the edge per of the upper Shing e, because the up edge of the interlocking bead 16 would` not join with .the corresponding interlocking bead of the upper -shiiigle and likewise, the upper-edge lof the interlocking bead 17 would not match with the corresponding bead of' the upper shingle.

Attention is directed to the fact that the lower edge of the upper shingle affords a .sloping or deflecting surface at this joint.

I have discovered that with a driving rain the force of the rain vdrops striking on the roof4 and spattering in all directions is oftentimes sufiicient to drive water up .under the ,no possi ility of these s attering drops of w'ater being forced up un er the overlapping edge. Y j

siding in the interlocking beads for joining the lateral edges of adjacent shingles'. lln this type oi shingle the lett hand interlocking bead 16 isof arcuate section, as best shown in Fig, 11, preferably havinga ridge or rib of material 34 formed in the under side of this head 16 and extending longitudinally throughout the entire len h oi the bead.

The right hand interlocking ead 17 is molded in the :torna of a raised, semi-cylindrical projection, having a notch or slot 35 therein, entending throughout the length of the bead 1'Z,-and lproportioned to receive the rib or lug 3d ot the bead 16. This shingle is prelerably formed with the sealin bead 25, de-

scribed inthe preceding ein odinient, for

securing the waterprooln joint between the overlapping edges of the shingles, but l do not find it necessary to provide the spacing beads 26 in this type ci shingle.

ln the construction shown lin lFi .p10 the under surface 31 ot the attaching ange .18

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lthe width of the attachin across the under side ot the interlocking bead' extends' downwardly or recedes trom the general plane of. the rest ot the shingle, in substantially the relation previously described,

for supporting the lower edge oil this shingle in raised relation. This downwardly tapering under surtace 31 may be termed across dange 18 and 17, terminatingat the yedge of the corrugation 2li. This construction will provide a relatively wide stop shoulder 21 at this side ot the shingle, A

ln Figures 9 and 1l thisdownwardly 'tapering under surfacell is formed across the entire width ot the shingle, Fig. 9 illustrating this construction most clearly. This will provide stop shoulders '2l-2l across theq entire 'width of the shingle, and, moreover, by this construction the shingle will have tirnrbearingv support across its entire width. The large corrugations 24W-2li may he slightly tapered to facilitate the nesting of the corrugations ofeach lower shingle Within those or the next higher shingle, al

though this is not essential.

These shingles are laid in the same inanner as the metallic shingles previously dei j tornata scribed. ."With either oi these embodiments, the ridge ofthe root and the gable edges thereof are covered or completed in any suitable manner, suchv as by special platesor covering llnenibers which constitute no part oil the presentinvention. -Where the shingles project ltroni these gable ends atI thev alternate rows, these shingles may be cut od', or.

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Having thus described my invention what li claim las new and desire to secure by Letters` Patent is z' '-1.- A rooting shingle adapted `lor Alaying from the ridge down comprising a plate having a tirst interloclrinobead Jformed along one vertical edge ot sald late, a second interlocking bead formed adjacent the opposite vertical edge of. said plate, said hrst interspecial shingles may be provided for these `locking bead being adapted to engage with the second interlocking bead ol an adjacent shingle, and an attaching harige extending along one vertical edge loi said plate, the under surface of said attaching tlange extending at an Vangle to the general plane oi the shingle to support the .lower edge ol the shingle in raised positionor receiving the upper edge ot the nent lower shingle, said plate being furthe-r provided with a central raised rib extending troni its lower edge and vadapted `for reception of the inter-locked beads oi a pair oi shingles ot the nent lower course ofshingles. 2. A- rooting shingle adapted ornlaying from` the ridge down, comprising a plate having a first interlocking' bead alarmed along one vertical edge thereof, a second interloclring bead formed adjacent theopposite vertical edge thereof, an attaching dange extending laterali@ from said latter bead, and a tapering we ortion joining said attaching flange tosai latter bead. y

3. A rooting shingle adapted for la ing from the ridge down comprisin a plate aving a first interlocking bead termed along one vertical edge thereof, a second interlocking bead formed adjacent the'opposite vertical edge thereof, an attaching dange entending laterally from said latter bead, and a' tapering web portion joining said attaching Harige 'to said letterhead, said tapering web portion disposing said flange at an angle to the main body portion ot said plate tor holding the lower edge of said plate in raised position, said llange terminatin short of the lower edge ot said plate to eline a stop shoulder'V for limiting the degree of overlap .between upper and lower rows ot shingles.

inns e. onsson.

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